Banana skipper, Erionota torus

Erionota torus, the banana skipper, until recently restricted to the northern and northeastern parts, has emerged as a serious pest in peninsular India.

1 Larva of Erionota torus	2 Banana plant damaged by skipper	3 Skipper damage on banana	4 Banana with characteristic damage caused by skipper
5 Banana leaf damaged by skipper	6 Leaf rolls made by skipper larva	7 Leaf rolls on banana harboring skipper larvae	8 Leaf rolls on skipper damaged banana
9 Early stage larvae of skipper	10 Banana leaf damaged by skipper larva	11 Leaf rolls made by banana skipper	12 Eggs of banana skipper
13 Eggs of banana skipper	14 Eggs of banana skipper	15 Eggs of banana skipper	16 Eggs of banana skipper (magnified)
17 Eggs of banana skipper	18 Neonate larva of banana skipper	19 Second instar larva of banana skipper	20 Early stage larva
21 Early stage larva	22 Early stage larva	23 Larva of Erionota torus	24 Larva of Erionota torus
25 Larva of Erionota torus	26 Larva of Erionota torus	27 Larva of Erionota torus	28 Larva of Erionota torus
29 Larva of Erionota torus	30 Larva of Erionota torus	31 Larva of Erionota torus	32 Larva of Erionota torus
33 Pupa of Erionota torus	34 Pupa of Erionota torus	35 Pupa of Erionota torus	36 Pupa of Erionota torus
37 Pupa of Erionota torus	38 Larva of Erionotat torus	39 Skipper adult resting on banana leaf	40 Adult butterfly resting on banana
41 Adult butterfly resting on banana	42 Adult female of Erionota torus	43 Adult female of Erionota torus	44 Adult female of Erionota torus
45 Adult female of Erionota torus	46 Female butterfly	47 Adult of Erionota torus (female)	48 Adult male butterfly, dorsal view
49 Male genitalia of Erionota torus	50 Male genitalia of E. torus	51 Male genitalia - aedeagus	52 Female genitalia of E. torus
53 Female genitalia of E. torus	54 Female genitalia of Erionota thrax	55 Banana skipper egg showing emergence holes of egg parasitoid, Ooencyrtus pallidipes	56 Eggs with emergence holes of parasitoid, Ooencyrtus pallidipes
57 Eggs with emergence holes of parasitoid, Ooencyrtus pallidipes	58 Female of Ooencyrtus pallidipes (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an egg parasitoid of banana skipper	59 Egg parasitoid of skipper, Ooencyrtus pallidipes in lateral view	60 Ooencyrtus sp. nr. pallidipes
61 Larva of Erionota torus parasitized by tachinid	62 Puparium of tachinid parasitoid of Erionota torus	63 Brachymeria lasus (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), a pupal parasitoid of Erionota spp.	64 Leaf roll showing symptom of bird predation on banana skipper
65 Bird predation on skipper - see leaf roll torn open

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